The I/O capabilities built into most microcontrollers make it easy to measure the analog world. Say you want to build a data logger for temperature. All you need to do is get some kind of sensor that ...

Editor’s note: This month we are pleased to have Colin Wells from Texas Instruments as our blogger. In modern industrial control systems, 4-20 mA current-loop transmitters remain one of the most ...

In The basics of 4-20mA current loop transmitters, I discussed the basics of 4-20 mA transmitters, a popular communication method to and from field elements in factory automation and other industrial ...

Imagine this scenario: There is a flow meter with 4–20 mA output setup. The switch is flipped, thereby turning it on. Then it is noted that the readings are off, and the required output is not shown.