Research and statistical analysis help us understand how the world works, how effective medications and treatments are, what influences our health, the best approach for business practices, and much ...

The first thing any scientist does before performing an experiment is to form a hypothesis about the experiment's outcome. This often takes the form of a null hypothesis, which is a statistical ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Generalizing hypothesis is a description of a pattern Explanatory hypothesis is about the mechanisms that explain the pattern One such problem is that in science education, mechanisms are rarely ...

In defining the word "theory," Merriam-Webster.com specifically identifies the challenges associated with the word: there are two senses of theory which are sometimes troublesome. These are the senses ...