A bi-directional current source for a grounded load will always have some complication in its construction. The improved Howland Current Pump as shown in Figure 1 is the most frequent choice for this ...

The op amp-based current sensing circuit described here is not new, it has been around for some time, but with very little discussion of the circuit itself. Somewhere along the line it was informally ...

Download this article in PDF format. When you connect the gate to the source of a JFET (junction field-effect transistor), it becomes a two-terminal current source. The current that will flow is ...

It isn’t unusual to expect a precisely regulated voltage in an electronic project, but what about times when you need a precise current? Over on EDN, prolific [Stephen Woodward] explains how to use a ...

Current source inverters and converters represent a crucial class of power electronics devices that convert direct current from a constant current source into alternating currents with precise control ...

The LM334 is not only an adjustable current source, but it is also a rectifier. Right on the front page of the TI data sheet are the words: “Reverse applied voltages of up to 20V will draw only a few ...

H-bridge buck-boost ICs are widely used in applications requiring a constant voltage or current source even when the system ...

Last time we looked at Spice models of a current sink. We didn’t look at some of the problems involved with a simple sink, and for many practical applications, they are perfectly adequate. However, ...

Q. How is the conductor ampacity for photovoltaic (PV) circuits calculated? A. PV circuit conductors must be sized to the larger of 690.8(B)(2)(a) or 690.8(B)(2)(b). Sizing according to 690.8(B)(2)(a) ...