Discover how Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) works with a clear breakdown of the core formula and working Python code. Perfect for those diving into advanced reinforcement learning ...

The prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol changed from a contrast multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) to a non-contrast biparametric (bp-MRI) protocol at a single centre. This study describes ...

While most New York educators enthusiastically support the science of reading, few report using it as their primary approach to literacy instruction, according to a new statewide survey conducted by ...

At the core of Transformers, a set of input activations is multiplied by a learned weight matrix to produce a new set of output activations. When the weight matrix is updated during training, the ...

The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) has selected Amey to deliver an Enterprise Asset Management (EAM) Implementation System for the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR). Mass Transit magazine is ...

• Architecture: 4-layer CNN (convolutional layers with 32, 64, 128, and 256 filters) → Max pooling → Dropout → Fully connected layers. • Training: Dataset: MNIST (28×28 grayscale digits).